Background & Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Cone-beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) linear measurements in dry mandibles by comparing them with direct measurements.Methods: Two human dry mandibles were used in this study. Thirteen sites were selected on each mandible. Specimens were scanned by CBCT and linear measurements were made using Planmeca Romexis 2.3.0.R software. Mandibles were cut into sections at marked locations and the same distances were measured by a digital caliper. Differences between two methods were assessed using paired t- test.Results: The mean differences for bone height, bone width and the crest-canal distance between CBCT and digital caliper measurements were -0.47±1 mm, -0.14±0.78 mm and 0.00±0.76 mm respectively. The differences were only, significant for bone height measurements (P<0.05). There was a high carreltion between the result of CBCT and gold standard.Conclusion: The results of this in-vitro study on mandible indicate that, although there is a statistically significant difference for bone height measurements between the two methods, the difference is not significant in clinical applications. Thus, CBCT was shown to be a useful technique for preoperative dental implant planning.

Recently Computerized analysis of toco cardiogram has been used for diagnosis of fetal disorder both during pregnancy and labour. Both fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contraction (TOCO) signal have specified parameters which by anglicizing these data and their relationship, the fetal well being can be studied. The objective was to compute the specified parameters and to investigate the signal relationships for fast and more reliable diagnosis. The software displays both real time FHR and TOCO signals, graphically. The curve can also be scrolled and at any time interval a report containing the measured and calculated parameters, can be generated. The required data are collected from a fetal monitoring system using an AID interface card and  transferred to a pc. To examine the validity of the processed data;. they are collected from 32 patients referred to Valiasr hospital. All the parameters including Baseline, Signal loss, Acceleration, Deceleration, Contraction peak, Tachycardia, Bradycardia, Sinusoidal pattern, STV, were determined and were compared to specialist diagnosis. The results show that the software is able to determine not only the parameters of signal but also diagnosis fetal abnormalities.      

In our technological world, there are plenty of opportunities to utilize science and engineering to improve exerciseperformances. Muscular strength is one of the main components of the physical fitness. In this regard, the IsometricDynamometer is a scientific instrument intended to quantify the muscle strength. Hence, the aim of this project was tomanufacture an innovative Computerized isometric dynamometer package and relevant software.In the current project a high precision isometric force transducers (2000 and 5000 N), instrumental amplifier, high precisionAnalog-to-Digital Converter connected to a high speed microcontroller were implemented. A graphic LCD, MicroSDmemory card used in the data logger to display and record the force data. Professional software was designed tocommunicate with the data logger by a USB port and display four-channel line charts in online mode. Offline data processingand record the processed data on a database is also available. This device provided an innovative method of simultaneousright & left side dynamometry using two sensors to measure any imbalance in the strength between two limbs.Additionally, this package has a grip dynamometer, a pull and press hands dynamometer, and optional connectionto other force sensors. The linearity of the sensors’ output for 0, 10, 50, 100, 200 kg weights was 99.99 and testretestmeasurements confirmed very high reliability (0.99±0.012). This package was extensively applied in thelaboratory researches due to its unique simultaneous force measurement feature. Hence, this package withdistinctive specifications can extensively implement in clinic, gym, laboratory, field tests.

Background: Determination of the exposure levels in the Computerized tomography (CT) practices is necessary to define the respected national reference levels, quality control of CT centers and the risk assessment for radiation induced cancers.Material and Methods: On the basis of this necessity, the radiation exposure distribution due to common CT practices has been investigated at Razi Hospital CT center in Rasht using tissue-equivalent phantoms and the thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD). The Head and Thorax phantoms were used with the standard dimensions incorporating holes at the center and edges for TLD placement. Dosimetry was carried out using LiF; Mg, Cu, P small chips due to their relatively tissue equivalence, high sensitivity convenient annealing procedure and the non-complex glow curve.Results: Results showed that CTDI for Head is 52.85 mGy and for Body is 68.15mGy. CTDLW for Head is 13.67 mGy and for Body is 16.94 mGy.Conclusion: In comparison with other radiographical procedures, patient absorbed doses in CT imaging are usually very high. Content of dose is increased by increase of mAs.

Background & Objective: The diagnosis of psychiatric disorders are mainly made on base of clinical interview and physical mental examination of the patient. The clinical application of laboratory tests is limited to rejection of probable causes which may lead to emerge of mental manifestations. For assessing the efficiency of brain Computerized tomography in this respect, a study was conducted.Methods: All of the hospitalized patients in psychiatric emergency unit of Isfahan medical school for six mounts were examined in the view of demographic characteristics, clinical diagnosis, and the number of performed brain Computerized tomography and their results.Results: Brain Computerized tomography was requested for 142 patients among the 408 hospitalized patient in psychiatric emergency unit. Among the performed scans only in one case (0.7 percent). Mild brain atrophy was reported and the remaining 141 scans were normal or at limit level of normal.Conclusion: According to limited diagnostic value of Brain Computerized tomography in psychiatry and also techno economic problems, the accurate assessment of its actual application specially in our society, seems necessary.

Dynamic Assessment (DA) is theoretically derived from Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). This study seeks to investigate the effect of Computerized Dynamic Assessment (C-DA) on assisting learners to realize their latent potential in learning reading comprehension. A group of 32 adult EFL students studying English as their BA major in a University in Iran participated in the study. In order to measure the students' potential for learning, Kozulin and Garb's (2002) formula which is called the Learning Potential Score (LPS) was used. The LPSs represented how much mediation was likely required for an individual or a group of individuals to develop or move forward. The results showed that learners with the same pretest scores might turn out to have different or even drastically different DA posttest scores and hence different LPSs. On account of the LPS obtained through the C-DA principles at-risk students are provided with opportunities that might result in overcoming some of the challenges they faced in traditional testing.

2Introduction: One of the common problems of intellectual disability children is difficulty in cognitive functions. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Computerized and non-Computerized cognitive games on sustained attention and planning in educable intellectual disability children. Methods: This study in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design with a control group. The research population was the educable intellectual disability female students of the first elementary period of Ahvaz city in the academic years of 2022-23. The research sample was calculated for each group of 12 people, which these people were selected by the purposive sampling method and by simple random with lottery replaced in three groups (12 people in each group). The first experimental group was trained 20 sessions of 45-minute cognitive games with Captain's Log Computerized software, the second experimental group was trained 20 sessions of 45-minute cognitive games without the software, and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. The research tools included a demographic information form, continuous performance Computerized test, and Tower of London Computerized test, and data were analyzed by methods of chi-square, analysis of variance with repeated measures, and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-19 software. Results: The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of age and educational level (P>0.05). Also, both methods of Computerized and non-Computerized cognitive games in comparison to the control group increased sustained attention and planning in educable intellectual disability children and the results were maintained in the follow-up phase (P<0.001). In addition, the effectiveness of Computerized cognitive games in compared to the non-Computerized cognitive games was higher in increasing both variables of sustained attention and planning (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated the greater effectiveness of Computerized cognitive games in compared to non-Computerized cognitive games in increasing the cognitive functions of sustained attention and planning. Therefore, specialists, psychologists, and consultants can use the method of Computerized cognitive games to improve cognitive functions.